Brake systems are used to slow down or stop the motion of a bike. There are mainly five types of brake systems: rim brakes, disc brakes, drum brakes, coaster brikes and spoon brakes. However, the commonly used today are the rim brakes and the disc brakes.
In rim brakes, the braking force is applied through the brake lever by squeezing it. This causes the friction pads to contact the rim of the rotating wheel, thus slowing it or stopping the bike. Pictures below are among the many sub-types of rim brakes.
In disc brakes, there is a metal disc attached to the wheel hub that rotates with the wheel. Callipers are attached to the frame or fork along with pads that squeeze together on the disc. There are two types of disc brake: mechanical and hydraulic. Mechanical disc brakes are almost always cheaper, but have less modulation, and may accumulate dirt in the cable lines since the cable is usually open to the outside. On the other hand, hydraulic disc brakes use fluid from a reservoir, pushed through a hose, to actuate the pistons in the disc calliper, that actuate the pads. The first picture below is a mechanical disc brake and the second one is a hydraulic disc brake.
- wikipedia
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